nature-based interventions reduce negative health outcomes overall
Exact: SMD = -0.69
Nature-based interventions significantly reduce overall negative outcomes compared with controls
Pooling data from 30 systematic reviews representing 3,870 primary studies and over ten million participants, the analysis found a standardized mean difference of -0.69 (95% CI: -1.05 to -0.33) for overall negative outcomes. This indicates a consistent, moderate beneficial effect of nature-based interventions across diverse populations and settings.
NBIs were effective in reducing overall negative outcomes compared with controls (standardized mean difference (SMD), -0.69; 95% CI, -1.05 to -0.33)
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