90%
people in modern societies spend nine-tenths of their time indoors in built environments
Modern humans spend about 90% of their time indoors
The study cites the statistic that people in modern industrialised societies spend approximately 90% of their time indoors, underscoring the importance of incorporating biophilic design elements into built environments to maintain human-nature connections.
we spend on average 90% of our time indoors in built environments, most often in cities.
Related findings
+12%
occupants reported greater thermal comfort when plants were present in the room
Workers were ~12% more thermally comfortable when plants were present
Ratna Purwaningsih et al., 2025, E3S Web of Conferences
−25%
indoor plants cut students' choice reaction times by a quarter
Choice reaction time improved from 589.5 ms to 439.1 ms with indoor plants
Ratna Purwaningsih et al., 2025, E3S Web of Conferences
−43%
adding indoor plants nearly halved students' simple reaction times
Simple reaction time improved from 527.9 ms to 301.4 ms with indoor plants
Ratna Purwaningsih et al., 2025, E3S Web of Conferences
Read more in
Healthcare 
Workplace Pricing biophilia: what the evidence is worth
Read at the primary sources, the business case for nature in buildings is narrower than advertised and strong enough to act on.
Workplace What your office costs
Four design variables that move cognitive performance and who pays for them
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